FIG 3.

In vivo experimental design. To study the survival of S. enterica serovars in vivo, calves were orally challenged with an inoculum containing 11 serovars in equal proportions. At 48 h postinfection, bacteria were recovered from the distal ileum, MLNs, CLNs, liver, and the left and right prescapular, prefemoral, and popliteal PLNs by enrichment on MacConkey agar. Bacterial lawns were scraped from agar plates, and gDNA was extracted using a standard commercial kit. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed as described in Fig. 1 to determine the compositions of the Salmonella populations recovered from each tissue.