Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Subjects
| Characteristics | AOS | HC | Statistics | p values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mean ± SD | mean ± SD | |||
| Sample size | 48 | 31 | ||
| Age(years) | 15.79 ± 1.64 | 15.42 ± 1.52 | 1.014 | 0.314 |
| Gender(M/F) | 21/27 | 14/17 | 0.015 | 0.903 |
| Education years(years) | 8.88 ± 1.95 | 8.44 ± 1.56 | 1.056 | 0.294 |
| TMT-A | 59.52 ± 38.63 | 40.94 ± 14.48 | 3.021 | 0.012 |
| BACS-SC | 39.44 ± 12.17 | 55.81 ± 9.84 | -6.276 | <0.001 |
| HVLT-R | 19.79 ± 6.05 | 26.13 ± 4.79 | -4.919 | <0.001 |
| BVMT-R | 18.65 ± 8.37 | 28.94 ± 5.25 | -6.716 | <0.001 |
| NAB-M | 10.31 ± 6.53 | 15.29 ± 6.40 | -3.333 | 0.001 |
| Fluency | 15.54 ± 4.61 | 18.32 ± 4.81 | -2.576 | 0.012 |
| Stroop word | 70.54 ± 20.96 | 90.58 ± 14.34 | -4.660 | <0.001 |
| Stroop color | 43.10 ± 18.10 | 62.77 ± 14.00 | -5.136 | <0.001 |
| Stroop color-word | 24.08 ± 12.05 | 34.42 ± 7.11 | -4.790 | <0.001 |
| PANSS | ||||
| Total | 75.10 ± 9.88 | |||
| Positive | 21.50 ± 5.01 | |||
| Negative | 17.92 ± 6.95 | |||
| General | 34.25 ± 5.89 | |||
| Duration of illness(months) | 5.35 ± 6.12 |
Abbreviations: AOS, adolescent-onset schizophrenia; BACS-SC, Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia-Symbol Coding; BVMT-R, Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised; CF, category fluency; HC, healthy control; HVLT-R, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised; NAB-M, Neuropsychological Assessment Battery-Mazes; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; TMT-A, Trail Making Test Part A.