Figure 5.

Anti-Env and -VACV humoral responses induced by NYVAC-C recombinants after combined deletion of VACV immunomodulatory genes. (A) Humoral responses after sequential deletion of VACV-TLR inhibitors A46R, A52R, K7R and B15R. (B) Humoral responses after deletion of several unknown non-essential genes in combination with VACV-IFN and cytokine inhibitors. ELISA assessment of levels of IgG antibodies to Env and vaccinia virus proteins in serum from naïve and immunized mice. Data shown as mean OD₄₅₀ ± SD for each group at the dilutions assayed. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.005, *** p < 0.001. Significant differences compared to the NYVAC-C group (anti-Env response, left) or the NYVAC-WT group (anti-VACV, right).