YB1 strain invasion rate between hypoxic and normal conditions, determined by flow cytometry analysis. YB1 invasion rate under (A) hypoxic and (B) normal conditions, with (C) demonstrating the results of the blank control. (D) Mean fluorescence between hypoxic and normal conditions. YB1-O2: under hypoxic conditions; YB1+O2: under normal conditions. GFP, green fluorescent protein; FITC-A, fluorescein isothiocyanate; YB1, Salmonella typhimurium strain YB1.