| R − e− |  |
R˙+ | (oxidation at the electrode surface) |
| R + e− | |
R˙− | (reduction at the electrode surface) |
| R˙+ + R˙− | |
R + R* | (annihilation process/formation of excited state) |
| R* | |
R + hv | (emission of light) |
Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.