Figure 6.

Up-regulation of the AM symbiosis-related marker genes in pea roots on 14 and 28 days after inoculation with R. irregularis. The relative expression was normalized against the constitutively expressed ubiquitin and actin genes. Results are means ± SEM of three technical repeats. The graphs show the results of one biological repeat, representative for three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences compared with control water-treated roots: *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05.