Figure 1.

The protective mechanisms of omentin in various pathophysiological processes. AMPK, Adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; ERK, extracellular regulated protein kinases; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-6, interleukin-6; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase; AKT, protein kinase B; OPG, osteoprotegerin; RANKL, receptor activator for nuclear factor κB ligand; CVSMC, calcifying vascular smooth muscle cells; VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; ICAM-1, intracellular adhesion molecule-1; NOX, NADPH oxidase; JNK, Jun N-terminal kinase; HSP27, heat shock protein 27; SMC, smooth muscle cell; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB.