Table 1.

Fluctuation of omentin levels in various diseases.

Diseases		Fluctuation of Omentin Levels in Various Sample	Omentin-1 Concentration (ng/mL) Mean (Range) or Mean ± SD		p Value	Ref.
			CON	Diseases
Obesity-related diseases	Obesity	Serum ↓	370 ± 20	310 ± 20	0.009	[16]
	Pregnant with preexisting obesity	Cord ↓	58.0 ± 6.0	48.3 ± 9.0	>0.05	[19]
		Maternal ↓	19.5 ± 2.3	7.1 ± 0.9	<0.05
	T2DM	Serum ↓	18.85 ± 3.23	16.12 ± 4.08	<0.05	[20]
	GDM with obesity	Serum ↓	355.94 ± 42.61	216.41 ± 51.33	0.000	[21]
	T2DM with ischemic heart disease	Serum ↓	12.44 ± 2.12	10.31 ± 2.35	0.038	[23]
	T2DM with Diabetic Retinopathy	Serum ↓	208.31 (164.20–251.20)	139.96 (119.28–157.87)	<0.001	[24]
		Vitreous ↓	96.00 (75.24–112.64)	50.36 (39.91–57.73)	<0.001
	PCOS	Serum ↓	269.7	197.6	0.0073	[25]
			515.9	210.5	<0.001	[26]
			27.6	23.7	0.05	[28]
	Coronary artery disease	Serum ↓	659.39	373.71	<0.001	[29]
			815.3 ± 185.32	518.61 ± 191.10	<0.001	[30]
			34.58 ± 4.23	10.66 ± 3.41	<0.01	[31]
			254.00 ± 72.98	113.08 ± 61.43	<0.0001	[33]
		EAT ↑ (mRNA)	0.76 (0.71–0.89)	1.25 (1.10–2.85)	0.002	[32]
	coronary heart disease	Serum ↓	1.115 ± 0.361	0.718 ± 0.229	0.000	[34]
	Dilated cardiomyopathy	Serum ↓	233.33 ± 58.04	153.00 ± 48.94	<0.01	[35]
	NAFLD	Serum ↑	376 ± 196	460 ± 181	<0.001	[36]
Chronic immune or inflammatory disease	Psoriasis	Serum ↓	26.8 ± 14.2	18.5 ± 13.1	0.0053	[37]
			488.7 ± 190.3	354.2 ± 152.0	0.001	[38]
			143.60 ± 48.97	95.61 ± 44.38	0.001	[39]
	Rheumatoid arthritis	Serum ↓	23.58 (14.60–28.39)	19.98 (11.98–27.21)	>0.01	[41]
	Behcet disease	Serum ↓	12.4 ± 6.24	8.9 ± 4.65	0.035	[42]
	Crohn’s disease	Serum ↓	409.40 ± 215.65	201.29 ± 76.65	<0.0001	[43]
	Ulcerative colitis	Serum ↓	28.62 (24.71–33.21)	14.74 (11.52–18.16)	<0.001	[44]
	Chronic periodontitis	Gingival crevicular fluid ↓	135	45	<0.008	[45]
	Acute pancreatitis	Serum ↑	22.49 ± 1.4	37.79 ± 1.24	<0.01	[46]
	Chronic pancreatitis	Serum ↑	22.49 ± 1.4	49.37 ± 2.82	<0.01	[46]
	Psoriasis arthritis	Serum ↑	4	20.6 (2.8–82.2)	0.01	[47]
	SLE patients with nephritis	Serum ↑	11.42 (1.44–26.35)	30.77 (16.77–37.63)	0.002	[48]
	HALS	Serum ↓	-	-	0.001	[49]
	Temporo-mandibular disorders	Serum ↓	464.8 ± 191.8	413.5 ±145.9	0.072	[50]
Tumor diseases	Renal cell cancer	Serum ↓	9.86 ± 1.44	3.62 ± 0.76	<0.001	[51]
	MPM	tumor tissues ↑	Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) >129 flod increase		-	[52]
	Prostate cancer	Serum ↑	373 (207–792)	546.8 (297.1–945.7)	<0.001	[54]
	colon and colorectal cancer	Serum ↑	0.376 (0.155–0.662)	0.618 (0.151–0.758)	<0.001	[56]
	Gastric cancer	Tumor tissues ↑ (mRNA)	qRT-PCR > 6 flod increase		<0.001	[57]
	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Serum ↑	1.61 (0.80–4.98)	9.57 (3.62–21.948)	<0.001	[58]
Respiratory diseases	ARDS	Serum ↓	-	-	<0.05	[59]
	Smokers	airway epithelium ↓ (mRNA/protein)	TaqMan RT-PCR and Immunohistochemistry 3.8–14.7 fold decrease		<0.05	[60]
	OSAS (controversial)	Serum ↓	22.62 (18.71–27.21)	11.29 (8.02–15.13)	<0.001	[61]
		Serum ↑	432.0 (155.2–1101.2)	570.8 (288.4–2152.4)	<0.001	[62]
		Serum ↑	9.24 ± 4.85	17.78 ± 7.20	<0.05	[63]
	Asthma	Airway epithelial ↑ (mRNA)	Arrays and PCR 7.6 and 9.5 flod increase		-	[64]
Others	Liver cirrhosis	Portal venous serum ↑	-	-	0.005	[66]
		hepatic venous seru ↑	-	-	0.027
		systemic venous serum ↑	-	-	0.032
	Anorexia nervosa	Serum ↑	185.39 ± 13.98	218.53 ± 18.17	<0.0001	[67]
			34.3 ± 2.6	46.1 ± 3.8	<0.0001	[68]
	End stage renal disease in haemodialysis	Serum ↑	357.5 ±147.4	606.6 ±313.0	<0.001	[69]

ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; HALS, human immunodeficiency virus/highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HIV/HAART)-associated lipodystrophy syndrome; MPM, malignant pleural mesothelioma; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; OSAS, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; SD, Standard Deviation; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; T2DM, type-2 diabetes mellitus; Ref., Reference; ↑ = increase, ↓ = decrease, “-” =exact data cannot get from the papers.