| AKT | Protein kinase B |
| CXCL12 | C-X-C motif chemokine 12 |
| CXCR4 | Chemokine Receptor type 4 |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| EMT | Epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| ERK | Extracellular signal-regulated kinases |
| GA | Glycyrrhizic acid |
| HMGB1 | High-mobility group box 1 |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| PBS | Phosphate-buffered saline |
| PI3K | Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase |
| RAGE | Receptor for advanced glycation end product |
| TGF-β | Transforming growth factor-β |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
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