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. 2018 Jan 2;19(1):125. doi: 10.3390/ijms19010125

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Kaempferol induced apoptotic cell death by degradation of p62/SQSTM1 in RAW 264.7 cells. Cells were pre-treated with 3-MA for 1 h and were then treated with kaempferol for 24 h. Autophagy (A); apoptosis (B); and osteoclastogenesis (C) related proteins were analyzed using western blotting; (D) Schematic representation for inhibition of osteoclast differentiation by kaempferol. Kaempferol inhibits autophagy through the suppression of p62/SQSTM1 and activates apoptosis.

Kaempferol induced apoptotic cell death by degradation of p62/SQSTM1 in RAW 264.7 cells. Cells were pre-treated with 3-MA for 1 h and were then treated with kaempferol for 24 h. Autophagy (A); apoptosis (B); and osteoclastogenesis (C) related proteins were analyzed using western blotting; (D) Schematic representation for inhibition of osteoclast differentiation by kaempferol. Kaempferol inhibits autophagy through the suppression of p62/SQSTM1 and activates apoptosis.