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. 2018 Jan 6;19(1):170. doi: 10.3390/ijms19010170

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of CPT-11 or SN-38 on RAW264 cell activation. CPT-11 (A), SN-38 (B), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a positive control was added to RAW264 cells. After a 48-h incubation, cell viability was analyzed by the water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay. Data are shown with the mean value of the control group set at 100% (mean ± SD, n = 8, Dunnett’s test: *** p < 0.001 vs. Cont.). Cells were collected after a 48-h incubation, and the mRNA expression of TNF-α and COX-2 was measured by real-time PCR. After normalization with 18S rRNA, data are shown with the mean value for the control group set at 100% (mean ± SD, n = 4, Dunnett’s test: *** p < 0.01 vs. Cont.).