Figure 5.

Dioxin inhibits MG-63 matrix mineralization. (A,B) Calcium deposition in the mineralized matrix was decreased by dioxin treatment. Alizarin red staining shows a dose-dependent decrease in mineralization after dioxin treatment. * p < 0.05, significance relative to 0 nM dioxin under osteogenic conditions; (C) von Kossa staining is showing that dioxin inhibits mineralization; (D) Osteocalcin (OCN) mRNA expression was significantly decreased by dioxin in cells grown under both standard and osteogenic conditions. PHEX mRNA expression trended downward in dioxin-treated cells under osteogenic conditions, although the difference was not significant. PHEX protein expression was significantly decreased in dioxin-treated cells. * p < 0.05 relative to 0 nM dioxin under standard or osteogenic conditions. Error bar means ± SEM.