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. 2018 Jan 15;19(1):254. doi: 10.3390/ijms19010254

Figure 4.

Figure 4

The postulated mechanism for GA to regulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism via restoring insulin signaling, enhancing glycolysis and lipolysis pathways in perirenal adipocytes of high fructose diet-induced diabetic rats. GA: gallic acid; FFA: free fatty acid; DG: diglyceride; ATGL: adipose triglyceride lipase; TG: triglyceride; PKC-ζ: protein kinase C-zeta; PK: pyruvate kinase; GLUT-4: glucose transporter 4; PFK: phosphofructokinase; F-1,6-BP: fructose 1,6 biphosphate.