Table 1. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of patients.
| Variables | Number (%) |
|---|---|
| Total | 134 (100) |
| Age, y (median) | 63.3 (32.4–81.1) |
| Sex | |
| Male | 74 (55.2) |
| Female | 60 (44.8) |
| Smoking | |
| Never smoker | 96 (71.6) |
| Ever/Current smoker | 38 (28.4) |
| Tumor location | |
| Left | 67 (50) |
| Right | 67 (50) |
| Tumor size | |
| ≤3 cm | 72 (53.7) |
| >3 cm | 56 (41.8) |
| Pathological N stage | |
| N0 | 31 (23.1) |
| N1 | 19 (14.2) |
| N2 | 38 (28.4) |
| Not examined | 46 (34.3) |
| Malignant pleural disease* | |
| MPE only | 3 (3.1) |
| MPN only | 69 (71.9) |
| MPN + MPE | 24 (25.0) |
| Surgical approach method | |
| Thoracotomy | 99 (73.9) |
| VATS convert to thoracotomy | 10 (7.4) |
| VATS | 25 (18.7) |
| Surgical procedure for main tumor | |
| Lobectomy (standard resection) | 58 (43.3) |
| Wedge resection (limited resection) | 29 (21.6) |
| No main tumor resection | 47 (35.1) |
| CEA | |
| Normal | 47 (35.1) |
| High | 45 (33.6) |
| Unknown | 42 (31.3) |
*Data available in 96 patients.
Abbreviations: MPE: malignant pleural effusion, MPN: malignant pleural nodule, VATS: video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen.