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. 2018 Feb 2;8:2242. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20563-2

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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3D rendering of KNDy neuron projections in the rat hypothalamus. Projected image (A) and 3D rendering (B) of arcuate kisspeptin (red) and neurokinin B (NKB, green) immunolabelling in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and lateral hypothalamus of an OVX + estradiol rat. (B i–iii) Cropped 3D image of arcuate kisspeptin (i), NKB (ii)-positive fibers and the combined labels (iii) from the inset in (B). (C) Images in the horizontal (i) and coronal (ii-ii) planes rendered from a stack imaged in the sagittal plane containing kisspeptin-ir fibers projecting throughout the hypothalamus, including the medial preoptic area (MPOA), lateral preoptic area (LPO), periventricular nucleus (PeN), dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) and the mammillary recess (MRe). 3 V = third ventricle, ARC = arcuate nucleus.