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. 2018 Feb 2;18:212. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5118-1

Table 3.

Unadjusted logistic regression model of experienced violence types according to spousal age difference and background characteristics

Background IPV Emotional Physical Sexual
Variables uOR (95% C.I) uOR (95% C.I) uOR (95% C.I) uOR (95% C.I)
Age Difference
 0–4 1.60 (1.30–1.98)a 1.46 (1.16–1.84)b 2.07 (1.56–2.75)a 1.08 (0.71–1.63)
 5–9 1.35 (1.10–1.64)b 1.29 (1.03–1.60)c 1.77 (1.34–2.32)a 1.17 (0.79–1.72)
 10–14 1.23 (0.99–1.52) 1.10 (0.86–1.39) 1.51 (1.13–2.02)b 1.11 (0.73–1.68)
 15+ 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Number of living children
 None 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 1–2 2.09 (1.65–2.63)a 1.98 (1.52–2.57)a 2.23 (1.62–3.07)a 1.23 (0.80–1.88)
 3–4 2.87 (2.28–3.65)a 2.72 (2.09–3.53)a 3.12 (2.27–4.29)a 1.49 (0.97–2.27)
 5+ 2.46 (1.92–3.14)a 2.21 (1.67–2.90)a 2.98 (2.14–4.14)a 1.60 (1.02–2.49)c
Residence
 Urban 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Rural 0.92 (0.81–1.04) 0.94 (0.82–1.07) 0.88 (0.76–1.02) 1.87 (1.43–2.45)a
Ethnicity
 Hausa/Fulani 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Igbo 3.02 (2.42–3.77)a 3.03 (2.40–3.82)a 3.94 (2.93–5.30)a 1.59 (0.99–2.53)
 Yoruba 2.52 (2.07–3.07)a 1.85 (1.48–2.31)a 4.52 (3.50–5.85)a 0.51 (0.28–0.93)c
 Others 3.92 (3.38–4.53)a 3.26 (2.78–3.82)a 5.58 (4.51–6.89)a 2.90 (2.19–3.81)a
Religion
 Christian 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Muslims 0.37 (0.32–0.41)a 0.41 (0.36–0.47)a 0.24 (0.20–0.28)a 0.68 (0.54–0.86)b
 Others 0.79 (0.52–1.20) 0.99 (0.64–1.53) 0.90 (0.56–1.43) 0.62 (0.22–1.69)
Household wealth
 Poor 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Middle 1.33 (1.13–1.55)a 1.21 (1.02–1.44)c 1.43 (1.18–1.74)a 1.01 (0.75–1.35)
 Rich 1.29 (1.13–1.46)a 1.13 (0.98–1.29) 1.38 (1.17–1.61)a 0.57 (0.43–0.74)a
Education
 None 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Primary 2.52 (2.16–2.93)a 2.13 (1.80–2.52)a 3.69 (3.04–4.47)a 1.74 (1.31–2.31)a
 Secondary 2.20 (1.91–2.53)a 1.97 (1.69–2.29)a 3.04 (2.53–3.64)a 1.23 (0.93–1.62)
 Higher 1.23(0.96–1.55) 1.19(0.91–1.54) 1.11(0.79–1.57) 0.74(0.43–1.26)
Marriage type
 Monogamy 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Polygamy 0.94 (0.81–1.09) 0.94 (0.79–1.102) 0.91 (0.75–1.10) 1.13 (0.85–1.49)
Marital Duration
 0–4 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 5–9 1.48 (1.25–1.74)a 1.49 (1.24–1.79)a 1.54 (1.25–1.90)a 1.10 (0.78–1.53)
 10–14 1.51 (1.28–1.79)a 1.44 (1.19–1.73)a 1.55 (1.25–1.91)a 1.29 (0.93–1.78)
 15+ 1.33 (1.13–1.56)b 1.24 (1.03–1.48)c 1.54 (1.25–1.88)a 1.22 (0.89–1.67)
Husband drinking alcohol
 No 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Yes 3.64 (3.19–4.15)a 3.34 (2.90–3.83)a 4.98 (4.28–5.78)a 2.05 (1.60–2.62)a
Husband’s Education
 None 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Primary 2.47 (2.08–2.91)a 2.15 (1.79–2.57)a 3.54 (2.84–4.39)a 1.57 (1.15–2.15)b
 Secondary 2.27 (1.95–2.63)a 1.94 (1.65–2.29)a 3.25 (2.65–3.97)a 1.20 (0.89–1.60)
 Higher 1.56 (1.29–1.88)a 1.50 (1.22–1.84)a 1.82 (1.40–2.35)a 1.09 (0.75–1.57)
Number of marital union
 1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 2+ 1.59 (1.31–1.94)a 1.70 (1.37–2.09)a 1.73 (1.38–2.17)a 1.74 (1.22–2.46)b
Empowerment
 Low 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
 High 1.48 (1.27–1.70)a 1.39 (1.18–1.63)a 1.50 (1.25–1.78)a 0.88 (0.64–1.21)

IPV Intimate partner violence, uOR Unadjusted odds ratio

aSignificant at 0.1%; bSignificant at 1.0%; cSignificant at 5.0%