Table 1.

T2w Imaging

Study	Field strength	Sequence	Validation	Myocarditis (n)	Control (n)	Acute versus chronic cardiac inflammation	Control group	Test result	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Diagnostic accuracy (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)
Laissy et al. Chest [21]	1 T	T2w sequence with long TR/TE	Clinical	20	7	Acute	Healthy participants	Qualitative	45	100	59	100	39
Abdel-Aty et al. J Am Col Cardiol [22]	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	Clinical	25	23	Acute	Healthy participants	ER cut off 1.9	84	74	79	78	81
Gutberlet et al. Radiology [23]	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	EMB	48	35	Chronic	Other diagnoses	ER cut off 2	67	69	68	74	60
Röttgen et al. Eur Radiol [24]	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	EMB	82	49	Acute	No inflammation on EMB	ER cut off 2	58	57	58	73	41
Voigt et al. Eur Radiol [25]	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	EMB	12	11	Chronic	No inflammation on EMB	ER cut off 1.8	92	82	87	85	90
Lurz et al. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 26	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	EMB	53	17	Acute	Other diagnoses	ER cut off 1.9	64	65	64	85	37
Lurz et al. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging [26]a	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	EMB	30	32	Chronic	Other diagnoses	ER cut off 1.9	42	66	54	58	50
Chu et al. Int J Cardiovasc Im [27]	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	Clinical	35	10	Acute	Healthy participants	Qualitative	69	100	76	100	48
Ferreira et al. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging [28]	1.5 T	Acquisition for cardiac unified T2 oedema sequence	Clinical	50	45	Acute	Healthy participants	ER cut off 2.2	67	55	61	78	42
Sramko et al. Am J Cardiol [29]	1.5 T	T2w dark blood sequence	EMB	15	27	Chronic	Idiopathic DCM	ER cut off 1.9	13	93	64	51	66
Ferreira et al. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson [30]	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	Clinical	60	50	Acute	Healthy participants	ER cut off 2.0	48	86	65	81	58
Radunski et al. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging [31]	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	Clinical	104	21	Mostly Acute	Healthy Participants	ER cut off 2.2	76	42	70	84	30
Luetkens et al. Radiology [32]	3 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	Clinical	24	42	Acute	Healthy Participants	ER cut off 2.09	79	61	68	58	82
Schwab et al. Rofo [33]	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	Clinical	43	35	Acute	Healthy participants	Qualitative	56	100	76	100	65
Hinojar et al. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging [34]	1.5 T / 3 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	Clinical	61	40	Acute	Healthy participants	Qualitative/ER	56	94	71	95	55
Luetkens et al. Eur H J Cardiovasc im [35]	1.5 T	T2w triple inversion recovery sequence	Clinical	34	50	Acute	Healthy participants	ER cut off 1.9	50	94	76	85	73
Pooled data				696	494				62	76	67	78	58
Chronic inflammation only									55	76	65	69	63
Acute inflammation only									63	76	68	80	57
Healthy participants as control									64	79	70	81	61
Other diagnoses as controls									58	69	63	73	54

DCM dilated cardiomyopathy, ER oedema ratio, EMB endomyocardial biopsy, NPV negative predictive value, PPV positive predictive value, TE echo time, TR repeat time; T2w T2 weighted

^aOne study examining two groups of patients with acute and chronic cardiac inflammation