Table 1. Number of buffaloes sampled on each farm and estimated within-herd prevalence of F. hepatica on the 29 farms included in the current study.

Governorate	Study population (n)	Number of buffaloes tested (proportion of the study population, %)	Number of buffaloes positive for fecal examination and F. hepatica antibody a)	Within-herd prevalence (%)	95% confidence interval b) (%)
Alexandria	85	23 (27)	11	12.9	5.8–20.1
	96	28 (29)	10	10.4	4.3–16.5
	110	28 (25)	12	10.9	5.1–16.7
	80	28 (35)	13	16.3	8.2–24.3
	113	33 (29)	18	15.9	9.2–22.7
	125	34 (27)	19	15.2	8.9–21.5
	148	35 (24)	11	7.4	3.2–11.7
	111	42 (38)	13	11.7	5.7–17.7
	133	43 (32)	15	11.3	5.9–16.7
	90	45 (50)	18	20.0	11.7–28.3
Beheira	106	23 (22)	15	14.2	7.5–20.8
	144	26 (18)	15	10.4	5.4–15.4
	150	27 (18)	17	11.3	6.3–16.4
	133	33 (25)	17	12.8	7.1–18.5
	125	33 (26)	11	8.8	3.8–13.8
	120	33 (28)	14	11.7	5.9–17.4
	98	34 (35)	19	19.4	11.6–27.2
	114	40 (35)	13	11.4	5.6–17.2
	124	40 (32)	20	16.1	9.7–22.6
	120	43 (36)	17	14.2	7.9–20.4
Kafr el-Sheikh	100	22 (22)	13	13.0	6.4–19.6
	131	27 (21)	16	12.2	6.6–17.8
	107	29 (27)	12	11.2	5.2–17.2
	93	31 (33)	13	14.0	6.9–21.0
	122	33 (27)	16	13.1	7.1–19.1
	118	36 (31)	14	11.9	6.0–17.7
	83	41 (49)	15	18.1	9.8–26.4
	133	44 (33)	16	12.0	6.5–17.6
	144	50 (35)	19	13.2	7.7–18.7
Total	3,356	984 (29)	432	12.9	11.7–14.0

a) All the 432 buffaloes positive for Fasciola eggs during the fecal examination were also positive for the F. hepatica antibody during the indirect hemagglutination test. b) The 95% confidence interval of prevalence (Pre) is given by: .