Table 2.

Bivariate association of survival time and variables of interest among children and adolescents with drug-resistant tuberculosis^a in three provinces, South Africa, 2005–2008.

	Total	Died		Other treatment outcomes
Effect	n	n	%	n	%	Log-rank p-value
HIV status	395	56	14.2	339	85.8	0.008
Negative	171	15	8.8	156	91.2
Positive	224	41	18.3	183	81.7
Sex	394	56	14.2	338	85.8	<0.001
Female	229	19	8.3	210	91.7
Male	165	37	22.4	128	77.6
Age, in years	395	56	14.2	339	85.8	0.09
0–1	43	6	14.0	37	86.1
2–7	97	21	21.6	76	78.4
8–12	106	10	9.4	96	90.6
13–17	149	19	12.8	130	87.3
Province	395	56	14.2	339	85.8	0.05
Kwazulu-Natal	230	33	14.3	197	85.7
Eastern Cape	76	16	21.1	60	79.0
Gauteng	89	7	7.9	82	92.1
Year of TB diagnosis	395	56	14.2	339	85.8	0.05
2005	57	14	24.6	43	75.4
2006	73	8	11.0	65	89.0
2007	130	17	13.1	113	86.9
2008	135	17	12.6	118	87.4
Resistance Profile	357	50	14.0	307	86.0	0.4
XDR TB	37	9	24.3	28	75.7
Pre-XDR TB	22	3	13.6	19	86.4
MDR TBb	286	37	12.9	249	87.1
Other	12	1	8.3	11	91.7
Weight status	372	50	13.4	322	86.6	0.002
Normal weight	172	13	7.6	159	92.4
Underweightc	92	13	14.1	79	85.9
Very underweightd	108	24	22.2	84	77.8
Culture+ >6 months after DR Tx starte	395	58	14.7	337	85.3	0.5
No	310	41	13.2	269	86.8
Yes	85	17	20.0	68	80.0

Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; TB, tuberculosis; XDR, extensively-drug resistant; MDR, multidrug resistant; DR, drug resistant; Tx, treatment.

^aParticipants who had not been on treatment for at least 15 days were excluded. Participants who had not experienced the event of interest after 2 years of follow-up were censored at 730.5 days.

^bIncludes rifampicin mono-resistance.

^cWeight for age adjusted Z-score >2 standard deviations below the mean.

^dWeight for age adjusted Z-score >3 standard deviations below the mean.

^eAny positive culture results 6 months or later from start of first DR TB treatment regimen.