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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 5.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Mar 24;22(4):598–604. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2010080803

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Transcriptional mechanism of the circadian clock. Bmal1 and Clock heterodimerize to positively regulate expression of the Period (per) and Cryptochrome (cry) gene families, as well as the retinoic acid orphan receptor (ror) and Nr1d1 (rev-erbα) genes. Per/Cry inhibit Bmal1/Clock action to repress their own transcription, whereas ROR and Rev-erbα mediate opposing action on bmal1 gene expression. Expression of the Clock protein is constitutive in many tissues. Bmal1/Clock action is mediated through binding of E-box response elements (CANNTG) in the promoters of target genes.