Table 2.
Patients’ demographic information and baseline characteristics
| Characteristics | Total | Without CVD history | With CVD history | t or χ2 | P (with vs. without CVD history) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients number, n (%) | 7364 (100) | 6406 (87) | 958 (13) | ||
| Age (years) | 64.08 ± 11.15 | 63.21 ± 11.21 | 69.86 ± 8.85 | 17.56 | <0.01 |
| <40, n (%) | 159 (2.2) | 158 (2.5) | 1 (0.1) | 145.11* | <0.01 |
| 40–75, n (%) | 5993 (81.5) | 5315 (83.0) | 678 (70.8) | ||
| >75, n (%) | 1200 (16.3) | 921 (14.4) | 279 (29.1) | ||
| Gender (male), n (%) | 4169 (56.6) | 3653 (57.0) | 516 (53.9) | 3.59* | 0.06 |
| Highest education level, n (%) | |||||
| High school and below | 4625 (62.9) | 3968 (62.1) | 657 (68.6) | 15.13* | <0.01 |
| Associate and above | 2725 (37.1) | 2424 (37.9) | 301 (31.4) | ||
| Diabetes history (years), n (%) | |||||
| <1 | 978 (13.3) | 904 (14.1) | 74 (7.7) | 41.93* | <0.01 |
| ≥1 and <5 | 748 (10.2) | 666 (10.4) | 82 (8.6) | ||
| ≥5 and <10 | 280 (3.8) | 255 (4.0) | 25 (2.6) | ||
| ≥10 | 5358 (72.8) | 4581 (71.5) | 777 (81.1) | ||
| Smoking | 1464 (20.1) | 1298 (20.5) | 166 (17.6) | 4.36* | <0.05 |
| BMI ≥24 (kg/m2) | 4429 (61.3) | 3806 (60.5) | 623 (66.7) | 13.31* | <0.01 |
| Blood lipids (mmol/L) | |||||
| TC | 4.84 ± 1.10 | 4.87 ± 1.09 | 4.62 ± 1.15 | 6.17 | <0.01 |
| LDL-C | 2.80 ± 0.88 | 2.82 ± 0.87 | 2.62 ± 0.90 | 6.43 | <0.01 |
| HDL-C | 1.24 ± 0.40 | 1.25 ± 0.41 | 1.21 ± 0.33 | 2.64 | <0.01 |
| TG | 1.77 ± 1.47 | 1.79 ± 1.49 | 1.67 ± 1.39 | 2.22 | <0.05 |
| Non-HDL-C | 3.59 ± 1.07 | 3.62 ± 1.06 | 3.41 ± 1.10 | 5.49 | <0.01 |
| Blood pressure | |||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 4859 (66.3) | 4078 (64.0) | 781 (81.5) | 19.83* | <0.01 |
| Systolic pressure (mmHg) | 129.59 ± 14.93 | 129.31 ± 14.91 | 131.39 ± 14.90 | 4.01 | <0.01 |
| Diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 77.33 ± 9.19 | 77.51 ± 9.20 | 76.12 ± 9.04 | 4.38 | <0.01 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%)† | 1854 (28.7) | 1510 (26.9) | 344 (40.3) | 64.94* | <0.01 |
*χ2 value; †Criteria of chronic kidney disease: Previous history of chronic kidney disease, or either of the following present for >3 months, ACR ≥30 mg/g and eGFR <60 ml·min−1 ·1.73 m−2. BMI: Body mass index; TC: Total cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: Triglycerides; CVD: Cardiovascular disease; ACR: Albumin-to-creatinine ratio; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate.