Fig. 2.

Internal predictive information can guide stimulus prediction without explicit reference to stimulus parameters. (A) Raster plot of spikes from a set of four RGCs (same cells as in Fig. 1) to a 19.2-s clip of a natural movie (frame, Top), with 51 (of 102 total) repetitions of the clip shown. A fish icon in later plots denotes calculations based on responses to the natural-movie stimulus. (B) Internal information reflects the spatial and temporal correlations in the stimulus. Average internal information of four-cell sets during the natural movie (green, longest timescale), moving bar (red), and checkerboard (yellow, shortest timescale). Shaded region represents $\pm 1$ SE across cell sets. (C) Stimulus-predictive information during the moving-bar movie is correlated with internal predictive information during the natural movie. Error bars smaller than marker size. (D) The fraction of word–stimulus information carried by a readout during the moving-bar stimulus is correlated with the fraction of internal word–word information carried by that readout during the natural movie. Shading represents average density of readouts across all randomly sampled sets of four cells (n = 240), with the readouts of one set of four cells (red; same set in Fig. 1 and A) overlaid. Most readouts have low predictive information. Error bars are <0.02, smaller than the point size. (E) For sets of 4 and of 10 cells, linear correlations between the readout-word internal predictive information and the readout-stimulus predictive information are high. The distribution of correlations in which readout identity was shuffled is shown for sets of four cells. pred. info., predictive information.