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. 2018 Jan 31;22(Suppl 1):S34–45. doi: 10.5213/inj.1836014.007

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Copyright © 2018 Korean Continence Society

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 1. — Schematic diagram of the main study design. The control group (KC group) and the experimental group (KC+M-MSC group) were given ketamine twice weekly for 12 weeks. Interventions involved a single administration of human embryonic stem cell-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (M-MSCs) at the indicated doses (0.25, 0.5, and 1×10⁶ cells). One week after M-MSC injection, therapeutic outcomes were evaluated. KC, ketamine-induced cystitis; M-MSC, multipotent mesenchymal stem cell; PBS, phosphate buffered saline: CMG, cystometrography; RQ PCR, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.