Table 1.
Monolingual and bilingual comprehension and production scores within each wave.
| Wave 1 | Monolinguals (n = 59) | Bilinguals (n = 45) | F-test | Significance | η2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Range | Mean | SD | Range | ||||
| CCT total vocabulary (R) | 16.36 | 6.93 | 2.00–32.00 | 21.56 | 9.51 | 4.00–41.00 | 4.87 | p = .030 | .093 |
| CCT L1 (R) | 11.69 | 6.55 | 1.00–27.00 | 4.67 | p = .033 | .109 | |||
| CCT L2(R) | 10.16 | 5.62 | 2.00–26.00 | 15.33 | p < .001 | .193 | |||
| CDI total vocabulary (E) | 24.02 | 26.22 | 0–115.00 | 85.76 | 75.44 | 4.00–355.00 | 14.33 | p < .001 | .254 |
| CDI L1 (E) | 49.98 | 39.13 | 4.00–138.00 | 3.48 | p = .065 | .239 | |||
| CDI L2 (E) | 37.22 | 42.11 | 0–238.00 | 1.73 | p = .192 | .037 | |||
| Reaction Time L1 | 4165.12 | 944.31 | 2282.00–6023.00 | 3656.00 | 924.50 | 2141.00–6027.00 | 2.14 | p = .147 | .072 |
| Reaction Time L2 | 3619.00 | 949.90 | 1285.00–5445.00 | 2.87 | p = .093 | .078 | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Wave 2 | Monolinguals (n = 52) | Bilinguals (n = 38) | |||||||
|
| |||||||||
| CCT total vocabulary (R) | 29.31 | 6.12 | 12.00–40.00 | 49.97 | 11.07 | 17.00–66.00 | 29.14 | p < .001 | .622 |
| CCT L1 (R) | 27.76 | 6.23 | 12.00–37.00 | 6.78 | p = .011 | .076 | |||
| CCT L2 (R) | 23.66 | 7.19 | 2.00–35.00 | 13.83 | p < .001 | .176 | |||
| CDI total vocabulary (E) | 208.14 | 137.21 | 28.00–523.00 | 363.00 | 236.31 | 67.00–1027.00 | .727 | p = .332 | .186 |
| CDI L1 (E) | 225.90 | 153.43 | 57.00–643.00 | 1.60 | p = .210 | .052 | |||
| CDI L2 (E) | 137.11 | 110.65 | 3.00–446.00 | 6.27 | p = .014 | .085 | |||
| Reaction Time L1 | 3406.19 | 899.57 | 1901.82–5163.54 | 3155.87 | 707.20 | 1856.50–5239.74 | .103 | p = .749 | .050 |
| Reaction Time L2 | 3031.80 | 642.94 | 2026.58–5087.75 | .209 | p = .649 | .067 | |||
E = expressive
R = receptive