. 2017 Nov 22;54:0046958017742761. doi: 10.1177/0046958017742761

Table 3.

Median Scores for Golden Living Facilities for 2000-2012; Compared With Other For-Profit Facilities in California.

Variables\year	Prepurchase						Postpurchase
Variables\year	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
Strategy
Staffing hours ppd (California)
• RN	.33	.31	.31	.33	.39	.30	.22	.22	.28	.35	.45^*	.59^**	.68^**
• LVN	.62	.63	.61	.61	.56	.63	.61^*	.71	.73	.72^*	.62^**	.50^**	.40^**
• CNA	2.15	2.21	2.26	2.33	2.39	2.38	2.57^**	2.29^*	2.29^*	2.23^**	2.24^*	2.28^*	2.31^*
• Total staffing (RN + LVN + NA)	3.10^*	3.14	3.24	3.29	3.31	3.31	3.40	3.24^**	3.29^*	3.28^**	3.31^**	3.35^**	3.44^*
Staffing hours ppd (US)^a
• RN				.50^**	.51^**	.50^**	.50^**	.50^**	.55^**	.62^**	.68	.76^*	.76
• Total staffing (RN + LVN + CNA)				3.06^**	3.11^**	3.11^**	3.12^**	3.16^**	3.29^**	3.35^**	3.40^**	3.44^**	3.44^**
Skill mix	.11	.11	.10	.11	.13	.10	.07	.09	.09	.12^*	.16^*	.21^**	.26^**
Payer mix
• Medicare	11.70^*	10.72^*	10.11^*	12.23	9.53	10.90	23.05^**	12.19	13.13	12.36	12.19	11.81	11.57
• Medi-Cal (Medicaid)	64.97	69.88	69.10	37.67	79.12	80.08	66.24	79.53^*	79.03^*	76.90^*	79.27^*	79.35^*	79.86^**
• Other payers	23.90	20.91	17.47	17.58	9.58	6.94	8.28^*	8.90^*	7.84^*	7.24^*	7.82^*	8.30^*	6.92^*
Financial performance
Operating margin	5.56	9.87^*	3.32	–3.81^*	–5.99^*	1.33	12.54^**	10.47^**	9.13^*	12.47^**	11.34^**	15.00^**	8.99^*
Total margin	−.77	–.82	–.91^*	–.96^**	–.87	−.81	−.62^**	−.83	−.74	−.72	−.64^*	−.71	−.60^*
Net income per patient day	5.18	9.69	3.19	–8.76^*	–5.82	1.49	25.35^**	22.93^**	20.82^*	29.84^**	18.23^*	24.76^*	13.61
Long-term debt/asset ratio	.78^*	.00	.00	.00	–66.67^*	–84.02^*	.00^*	64.91^**	68.77^**	.00	.00	.00	.00
Resident well-being
Total deficiencies (US)^a	-	-	-	6.79^**	6.29^**	5.67^**	7.47^**	8.43	7.27^**	7.95	7.29	7.67	7.19
Harm deficiencies (US)^a	-	-	-	.34^**	.33^**	.37^**	.52	.63	.41^*	.39	.43	.44	.27^**

Note. Italic: Lower score than industry counterparts; all other scores are higher than those of industry counterparts. ppd = per patient day; RN = registered nurse; LVN = Licensed Vocational Nurse; CNA = Certified Nurse Assistant; NA = Nurse Assistant; OSCAR = Online Survey, Certification and Reporting; OSHPD = Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development. The scores for industry counterparts are available from the authors.

The mean US scores on staffing and deficiencies were derived from the OSCAR data set; the other scores were derived from the California OSHPD data.

P < .05. **P < .001.