Table 3.
Univariate analyses
| Parameters | No NIV or mechanical cough assistance after extubation (n = 81) | NIV or mechanical cough assistance after extubation | P value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD or n (%) | All patients (n = 44) Mean ± SD or n (%) |
Patients who required NIV (n = 36) Mean ± SD or n (%) |
Patients who required Mechanical cough assistance (n = 8) Mean ± SD or n (%) |
||
| Age, years | 58.8 ± 14.8 | 59.8 ± 16.4 | 59.6 ± 15.7 | 60.8 ± 20.3 | 0.71 |
| SOFA at admission | 7.7 ± 5 | 7.2 ± 4.2 | 7.5 ± 4.1 | 5.9 ± 4.8 | 0.59 |
| Coma Glasgow Scale score | 15 ± 0 | 15 ± 0 | 15 ± 0 | 15 ± 0 | 1.00 |
| Chronic respiratory failure | 11 (14%) | 14 (32%) | 14 (39%) | 0 | 0.015 |
| Chronic heart disease | 10 (12%) | 3 (7%) | 3 (8%) | 0 | 0.34 |
| Duration of MV, days | 12.7 ± 8.8 | 17.8 ± 15.6 | 17.4 ± 14.4 | 19.8 ± 21.2 | 0.02 |
| Diameter of the endotracheal tube, mm | 7.5 ± 0.3 | 7.4 ± 0.3 | 7.3 ± 0.3 | 7.6 ± 0.3 | 0.17 |
| MRC score | 51.1 ± 12 | 43 ± 15.5 | 43.2 ± 12.2 | 42.2 ± 12.2 | 0.004 |
| Tracheal aspiration before extubation (n/24 h) | 7.8 ± 3 | 7.7 ± 2.7 | 7.7 ± 2.5 | 7.6 ± 3.6 | 0.89 |
| Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 23.2 ± 11.8 | 24.5 ± 5.6 | 24.8 ± 5.9 | 23.4 ± 4.2 | 0.50 |
| Borg Scale score (/10) | 1.9 ± 2.3 | 2.1 ± 2.2 | 2 ± 2 | 2.3 ± 3.5 | 0.60 |
| PaCO2 before extubation | 5.0 ± 0.6 | 5.6 ± 1 | 5.8 ± 1 | 4.9 ± 0.7 | 0.00007 |
| VC (mL) before extubation | 1574 ± 498 | 1281 ± 536 | 1220 ± 513 | 1558 ± 586 | 0.003 |
| FVC (mL) before extubation | 1571 ± 520 | 1146 ± 457 | 1121 ± 464 | 1257 ± 439 | 0.00002 |
| MIP (cmH2O) before extubation | 37 ± 15 | 31 ± 15 | 32 ± 15 | 26 ± 12 | 0.025 |
| MEP (cmH2O) before extubation | 53 ± 28 | 41 ± 24 | 44 ± 25 | 30 ± 16 | 0.021 |
| PEF (L/min) before extubation | 80 ± 32 | 62 ± 30 | 60 ± 29 | 71 ± 36 | 0.004 |
| PCEF (L/min) before extubation | 97 ± 36 | 72 ± 33 | 71 ± 33 | 75 ± 36 | 0.0003 |
| VC (mL) after extubation | 1838 ± 637 | 1364 ± 499 | 1343 ± 511 | 1463 ± 464 | 0.00017 |
| FVC (mL) after extubation | 1766 ± 554 | 1284 ± 433 | 1284 ± 440 | 1282 ± 441 | 0.00003 |
| MIP (cmH2O) after extubation | 28 ± 13 | 23 ± 11 | 23 ± 11 | 22 ± 10 | 0.07 |
| MEP (cmH2O) after extubation | 43 ± 22 | 29 ± 17 | 31 ± 17 | 21 ± 12 | 0.002 |
| PEF (L/min) after extubation | 142 ± 77 | 107 ± 63 | 109 ± 66 | 95 ± 47 | 0.02 |
| PCEF (L/min) after extubation | 166 ± 76 | 107 ± 66 | 110 ± 72 | 94 ± 39 | 0.0001 |
Italics indicate significant data
SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, MRC Medical Research Council sum score, PaO2 partial pressure of O2 in arterial blood, PaCO2 partial pressure of CO2 in arterial blood, FiO2 fraction of inspired O2, VC vital capacity, FVC forced vital capacity, MIP maximal inspiratory pressure, MEP maximal expiratory pressure, PEF peak expiratory flow, PCEF peak cough expiratory flow, NS nonsignificant
*P values compare patients with and without NIV and/or mechanical cough assistance