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. 2018 Feb 1;12:22. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00022

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Copyright © 2018 Jones, Bernardinelli, Zarruk, Chierzi and Murai.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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SPARC levels are elevated in an in vitro model of ischemic excitotoxicity (A,B) Organotypic hippocampal slices were exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) for 45 min followed by normoxic reoxgenation for 72 h. Percentage of apoptotic cells was assessed using propidium iodide (PI) labeling of apoptotic nuclei (green) relative to total cell number (TO-PRO-3 iodide; magenta). Significant death of CA1 neurons was observed following OGD [2-tailed, 2-sample t-test; p = 0.0018, n = 4)]. Scale = 50 μm (C) SPARC expression was assessed by immunofluorescence labeling in organotypic hippocampal slices at 24 h post OGD. Untreated slices of the same age were used as a control. (D) Representative immunoblots showing changes in SPARC expression 48 h post OGD (left panel). SPARC levels were significantly increased following OGD [2-tailed, 1-sample t-test; p = 0.0055, n = 4)].