. 2018 Feb 6;9:14. doi: 10.1186/s40104-017-0229-6

Table 2.

Semen characteristics in young (n = 9) and adult (n = 9) bulls

	Yong bulls	Adult bulls
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Volume, mL	5.1 ± 1.5^a	9.2 ± 2.3^b
Concentration, ×10⁶/mL	856 ± 221^a	1148 ± 324^b
Total sperm per ejaculate, × 10⁹	5.6 ± 1.1^a	9.1 ± 1.4^b
Membrane integrity, %	87.2 ± 8.4^a	86.8 ± 7.1^a
Total motility, %	91 ± 4^a	89 ± 5^a
Progressive motility, %	84 ± 5^a	81 ± 5^a
VAP, μm/s	121.4 ± 30.6^a	127.9 ± 32.7^a
VSL, μm/s	108.9 ± 25.9^a	99.3 ± 21.9^a
VCL, μm/s	162.9 ± 53^a	184.6 ± 43.6^a
ALH, μm	5.6 ± 2.3^a	6.8 ± 2.1^a
BCF, Hz	38.1 ± 10.7^a	40.2 ± 9.5^a
STR, %	89 ± 9^a	87 ± 7^a
LIN, %	69 ± 7^a	62 ± 6^a

Average path velocity (VAP); straight line velocity (VSL); curvilinear velocity (VCL); amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH); beat cross frequency (BCF); straightness (STR); linearity (LIN)

Means bearing different superscripts (a and b) in a row differ significantly (P < 0.05)