Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of study participants between the degrees of cognitive function.
| Sociodemographic Characteristics | K-MMSE | p Value 1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild Cognitive Impairment (n = 20) | Normal (n = 219) | ||||
| n | % | n | % | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Men | 2 | 10.0 | 86 | 39.3 | 0.009 |
| Women | 18 | 90.0 | 133 | 60.7 | |
| Daily Supplements Use | |||||
| Yes | 0 | 0.0 | 108 | 49.3 | <0.0001 |
| No | 20 | 100.0 | 111 | 50.7 | |
| Family Type | |||||
| With spouse | 6 | 30.0 | 102 | 46.6 | 0.215 |
| With children | 7 | 35.0 | 75 | 34.3 | |
| Spouse and children | 1 | 5.0 | 15 | 6.9 | |
| Alone | 5 | 25.0 | 20 | 9.1 | |
| Other | 1 | 5.0 | 7 | 3.2 | |
| Education | |||||
| Uneducated | 15 | 75.0 | 36 | 16.4 | <0.0001 |
| ≤High school Graduate | 5 | 25.0 | 177 | 80.8 | |
| College or Higher | 0 | 0.0 | 6 | 2.7 | |
| Self-Reported Health Status | |||||
| Very good | 0 | 0.0 | 12 | 5.5 | 0.028 |
| Good | 6 | 30.0 | 42 | 19.2 | |
| Fair | 6 | 30.0 | 118 | 53.9 | |
| Poor | 4 | 20.0 | 36 | 16.4 | |
| Very poor | 4 | 20.0 | 11 | 5.0 | |
| Self-Reported Teeth Condition | |||||
| Very good | 2 | 10.0 | 10 | 83.3 | <0.0001 |
| Good | 0 | 0.0 | 45 | 20.6 | |
| Fair | 2 | 10.0 | 78 | 35.6 | |
| Poor | 6 | 30.0 | 66 | 30.1 | |
| Very poor | 10 | 50.0 | 20 | 9.1 | |
| History of Dementia | |||||
| Yes | 2 | 10.0 | 10 | 4.6 | 0.287 |
| No | 18 | 90.0 | 209 | 95.4 | |
| Smoking Status | |||||
| Yes | 18 | 90.0 | 186 | 84.9 | 0.539 |
| No | 2 | 10.0 | 33 | 15.1 | |
| Physical Activity | |||||
| None | 12 | 60.0 | 56 | 25.6 | <0.0001 |
| 1–2x/week | 0 | 0.0 | 86 | 39.3 | |
| 3–4x/week | 0 | 0.0 | 35 | 16.0 | |
| Everyday | 8 | 40.0 | 42 | 19.2 | |
| Variables | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p Value 1 |
| Age (years) | 80.5 | 5.2 | 73.4 | 5.9 | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 18.3 | 4.2 | 22.1 | 3.5 | <0.0001 |
| Sleep Duration (hours/day) | 5.2 | 2.7 | 6.9 | 1.6 | 0.0129 |
1 Chi-square test was used for categorical variables, and t-test was used for continuous variables. K-MMSE: Korean-Mini Mental State Examination; BMI: body mass index; SD: standard deviations.