BCG vaccination partially preserves DA and DAT-ligand binding levels in MPTP-treated mice. Mice were vaccinated with BCG (1 or 6 × 106 cfu) or received saline prior to MPTP treatment. A control group received only saline. Twenty-one days after the last dose of MPTP, we analyzed DA levels (A) and [3H]WIN-35,428 binding (B) in striatal homogenates from individual mice. Symbols represent individual mice in each group, and horizontal bars show mean for each group. N = 8–10 mice/group. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 vs. unvaccinated MPTP-treated mice, †P < 0.001 relative to the saline-treated group, by one-way ANOVA.