Table 1.
Analyses of association between background factors and FIC1.
| Factors | N (%2) | FIC (%) | PR (95%CI) 3 | [p-value] | Adjusted PR4 (95%CI) | [p-value] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | [p = 0.69] | [p = 0.85] | ||||
| Male | 1995 (50) | 79 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Female | 2021 (50) | 78 | 0.99 (0.96–1.03) | 1.00 (0.96–1.03) | ||
| Area | [p < 0.001] | [p < 0.001] | ||||
| Rural | 3210 (80) | 81 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Urban | 806 (20) | 68 | 0.84 (0.80–0.89) | 0.83 (0.78–0.87) | ||
| Year of visit | [p = 0.003] | [p < 0.001] | ||||
| 2012 | 648 (16) | 72 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 2013 | 2082 (52) | 79 | 1.09 (1.03–1.15) | 1.10 (1.04–1.16) | ||
| 2014 | 1286 (32) | 81 | 1.12 (1.06–1.18) | 1.11 (1.05–1.18) | ||
| Education | [p = 0.50] | [p = 0.02] | ||||
| Not educated | 3646 (91) | 78 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Educated | 370 (9) | 80 | 1.02 (0.97–1.08) | 1.08 (1.02–1.13) | ||
| Place of birth | [p = 0.86] | [p = 0.50] | ||||
| Health facility | 3506 (87) | 79 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Home | 337 (8) | 79 | 0.99 (0.94–1.05) | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) | ||
| Missing | 173 (4) | 58 | ||||
| Occupation | [p = 0.15] | Omitted | ||||
| No salary | 3656 (91) | 80 | Ref. | |||
| Salary | 186 (5) | 75 | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | |||
| Missing | 174 (4) | 58 | ||||
| Ethnicity | [p = 0.002] | Omitted | ||||
| Bwamu | 1098 (27) | 79 | Ref. | |||
| Marka | 1424 (35) | 83 | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | |||
| Mossi | 656 (16) | 77 | 0.97 (0.92–1.02) | |||
| Peulh | 371 (9) | 75 | 0.95 (0.89–1.02) | |||
| Samo | 223 (6) | 71 | 0.90 (0.83–0.99) | |||
| Others | 75 (2) | 80 | 1.01 (0.90–1.14) | |||
| Missing | 169 (4) | 57 | ||||
| Religion | [p = 0.65] | [p = 0.26] | ||||
| Muslim | 2354 (59) | 79 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Catholic | 1147 (29) | 79 | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 0.96 (0.93–1.00) | ||
| Others | 345 (9) | 81 | 1.02 (0.96–1.08) | 1.01 (0.94–1.08) | ||
| Missing | 170 (4) | 58 | ||||
| Marital status | [p = 0.21] | [p = 0.25] | ||||
| Not married | 125 (3) | 74 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Married | 3722 (93) | 79 | 1.07 (0.96–1.19) | 1.06 (0.96–1.18) | ||
| Missing | 169 (4) | 57 | ||||
| Mother’s age5 | [p = 0.46] | [p = 0.34] | ||||
| <19 | 622 (15) | 77 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 20–34 | 2631 (66) | 80 | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) | ||
| 34–49 | 588 (15) | 80 | 1.04 (0.98–1.10) | 1.04 (0.98–1.10) | ||
| Missing | 175 (4) | 58 | ||||
| Twin | [p = 0.40] | Omitted | ||||
| No | 3729 (93) | 79 | Ref. | |||
| Yes | 118 (3) | 82 | 1.04 (0.95–1.13) | |||
| Missing | 169 (4) | 57 | ||||
| Season of birth | [p = 0.69] | Omitted | ||||
| Dry season | 2379 (59) | 79 | Ref. | |||
| Rainy season | 1637 (41) | 78 | 0.99 (0.96–1.03) |
1FIC: fully immunized child: having received the following recommended vaccinations by 12 months of age: BCG, 3 doses of oral polio vaccine, 3 doses of pentavalent vaccine and one dose of measles vaccine. 2Number and percentage of the 4016 children fulfilling the criteria, the proportion with missing information corresponds to the remaining fraction. 3PR: prevalence ratio estimated in a binomial regression model. 4Estimated among the 3836 children with complete information on included factors (96%: 3836/4016). Occupation, Ethnicity, Twinning status, and Season of birth omitted due to over-parameterization of the model. 5Age of the mother at the time of the birth of the child classified as in Sie et al. [23]. Using maternal age in quartiles did not change the conclusions: ≤21 years: Reference; 22–25 years: PR = 1.01 (0.96–1.06); 27–32 years: PR = 1.03 (0.98–1.07); ≥33 years: PR = 1.03 (0.98–1.08)