Table 1.
Agents or Methods Used to Induce Preconditioning
| Adenosine Agonists | [152, 156] |
| Antibiotics | [233] (Reviewed in [234]) |
| ATP-sensitive K+ (K+ATP) channel agonist | [152, 154, 155] |
| Ca2+-activated K+ channels | [157] |
| Diazoxide | [235] |
| GABA receptor antagonist | [236] |
| Epsilon PKC (PKC) agonist | [159] |
| Electroacupuncture | [237, 238] (Reviewed in [239]) |
| Electroconvulsive shock | [240] |
| Erythropoietin | [241-243] |
| Estrogen | [244, 245] |
| Ethanol | [246, 247] |
| Ginkgo biloba | [248] |
| Hypothermia or Hyperthermia | [249] |
| Hyperbaric oxygen therapy | [250, 251] |
| Iron chelators | [252, 253] |
| Ischemia | [155, 254] |
| Lipopolysaccharides | [255, 256] |
| K+ channel agonists | [257, 258] |
| K+ channel antagonist | [236] |
| Magnesium | [259] |
| Mitochondrial ATP K+ channel modulators | [153, 235, 260] |
| 3-Nitropropionate | [261, 262] |
| NMDA | [146, 236] |
| Phosphocreatine | [263] |
| Phosphodiesterase III inhibitor | [228] |
| Remote preconditioning | [264-266] |
| Resveratrol | [267-269] |
| Statins | [270] |
| Succinic dehydrogenase inhibitor | [271] |
| Thrombin | [272, 273] |
| Toll-like receptor | [274-276] |
| Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (hypothesized) | [184, 277] |
| Volatile anesthetics | [278-280] (Reviewed in [281]) |