Table 1. Bacterial strains used in this study.

Strain	Source and Relevant characteristic(s)a
Gram-negative
E. coli DH5α	Reference strain
E. coli K12	Reference strain
E. coli 8542	Strain from patient with sepsis, ESBL-producer
E. coli S115	Strain from patient with urinary tract infection, Imipenem-R,Colistin-R
E. coli 17	Strain from patient with sepsis, Amoxicillin-S, Ciprofloxacin-S
E. coli 23	Strain from patient with sepsis, Amoxicillin-R, Ciprofloxacin-R
E. coli 35	Strain from patient with peritonitis, Amoxicillin-S, Ciprofloxacin-S
E. coli 52	Strain from patient with skin infection, Amoxicillin-S, Ciprofloxacin-S
K. pneumoniae 8354	Strain from patient with sepsis, ESBL-producer
S. enterica	Strain from patient with bacteremia
P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853	Reference strain
P. aeruginosa UR1156	Strain from patient with bacteremia, Imipenem-R
P. aeruginosa 2062	Strain from patient with sepsis, Imipenem-R
A. baumannii H12555	Strain from burn patient, Ciprofloxacin-R
A. baumannii 33	Strain from patient with sepsis, Imipenem-R
A. baumannii FER	Strain from patient with sepsis, AmpC β-lactamase-producer, Imipenem-R
Gram-positive
S. aureus ATCC 25913	Reference strain
S. mitis 859	Nasopharynx isolate, Penicillin-R
L. lactis NZ9000 pNZ8148	Expression strain, Chloramphenicol-R

^aESBL: extended spectrum β-lactamase; R: resistant