Table 2. Genome-wide knockout screens to identify virus–host interactions.
| Viruses | Knockout screen | Critical host factors | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adeno-associated virus | Haploid | AAVR, GARP complex | 35 |
| Dengue virus | Haploid and CRISPR–Cas | OST complex (STT3A and STT3B), TRAP complex (SSR1, SSR2, SSR3), EMC, ERAD (SEL1L, AUP1, DERL2) | 61 |
| Ebola virus | Haploid | NPC1, HOPS complex | 25 |
| Enterovirus 68 | Haploid | Sialic acid | 163 |
| Hanta virus | Haploid | SREBF2, MBTPS1, MBTPS2, SCAP | 164,165 |
| Hepatitis C virus | CRISPR–Cas | CD81, CLDN1, OCLN, miR-122, CYPA, ELAVL1, RFK, FLAD1 | 61 |
| Human immunodeficiency virus | CRISPR–Cas | CD4, CCR5, ALCAM, SLC35B2, TPST2 | 88 |
| Lassa virus | Haploid | LAMP1, DAG1 | 26,166 |
| Murine norovirus | CRISPR–Cas | CD300LF | 85,86 |
| Picornaviruses | Haploid | PLA2G16 | 34 |
| Rift Valley fever virus | Haploid | Heparan sulfate, COG complex | 167 |
| West Nile virus | CRISPR–Cas | SPCS1, SPCS3, EMC, OST complex (STT3A), TRAP complex, SEL1L, HRD1 | 69,70 |
| Zika virus | CRISPR–Cas | EMC, AXL, OST complex (STT3A), TRAP complex | 71 |
AAVR, adeno-associated virus receptor; ALCAM, CD166 antigen; AXL, also known as UFO; CLDN1, claudin 1; COG, conserved oligomeric Golgi; CYPA, cyclophilin A; DAG1, dystroglycan; DERL2, derlin 2; EMC, endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex; ERAD, endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation; FLAD1, FAD synthase; GARP, Golgi-associated retrograde protein; HOPS, homotypic fusion and protein sorting; HRD1, also known as SYVN1; LAMP1, lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1; NPC1, Niemann–Pick C1 protein; OCLN, occludin; OST, oligosaccharyltransferase; RFK, riboflavin kinase; SCAP, SREBP cleavage-activating protein; SLC35B2, adenosine 3′-phospho 5′-phosphosulfate transporter 1; SPCS, signal peptidase complex subunit; SREBF2, sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein 2; TPST2, protein tyrosine sulfotransferase 2; TRAP, translocon-associated protein.