Table 1.
Physical, Hormonal, and Metabolic Characteristics of Pair-Matched (for Age and Race) Obese Adolescent Girls With PCOS vs Without PCOS
| Variables | PCOS (n = 21) | Non-PCOS (n = 21) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physical characteristics | |||
| Age, y | 13.6 ± 2.2 (0.5) | 13.3 ± 2.2 (0.5) | — |
| Race (AA/AW), n (%) | 9 (43)/12 (57) | 9 (43)/12 (57) | — |
| Tanner stage (III/IV/V), n (%) | 5 (24)/5 (24)/11 (52) | 2 (10)/3 (14)/16 (76) | 0.258 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 32.7 ± 4.5 (1.0) | 33.3 ± 5.4 (1.2) | 0.593 |
| Total fat mass, kg | 36.5 ± 9.3 (2.1) | 37.1 ± 10.3 (2.3) | 0.770 |
| Percent body fat, % | 43.2 ± 4.8 (1.1) | 45.0 ± 5.3 (1.2) | 0.225 |
| Visceral adipose tissue, cm2 | 69.2 ± 29.2 (6.7) | 49.2 ± 22.1 (5.1) | 0.011 |
| Sex steroid profile | |||
| Total testosterone, ng/dL | 35.9 ± 17.0 (4.2) | 24.7 ± 11.4 (2.9) | 0.042 |
| SHBG, nmol/L | 17.5 ± 9.7 (2.5) | 31.3 ± 19.1 (4.9) | 0.026 |
| Free testosterone, pg/mL | 9.8 ± 7.1 (1.9) | 4.4 ± 2.8 (0.7) | 0.003 |
| Estradiol, pg/mL | 63.8 ± 56.9 (13.4) | 76.2 ± 57.5 (13.5) | 0.530 |
| DHEAS, μg/dL | 186.8 ± 126.8 (27.7) | 118.1 ± 81.4 (17.8) | 0.007 |
| Lipid profile | |||
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 161.5 ± 38.5 (8.4) | 154.0 ± 24.6 (5.4) | 0.439 |
| TG, mg/dL | 132.5 ± 67.2 (14.7) | 89.5 ± 32.7 (7.1) | 0.008 |
| HDL, mg/dL | 42.2 ± 10.8 (2.4) | 42.8 ± 6.5 (2.4) | 0.840 |
| TG/HDL ratio | 3.6 ± 2.6 (0.6) | 2.2 ± 1.0 (0.2) | 0.023 |
| LDL, mg/dL | 92.8 ± 35.4 (7.7) | 93.6 ± 24.2 (5.3) | 0.924 |
| VLDL, mg/dL | 25.5 ± 13.4 (3.1) | 16.9 ± 5.4 (1.2) | 0.013 |
| Metabolic characteristics | |||
| Hemoglobin A1c | 5.4 ± 0.4 (0.1) | 5.2 ± 0.4 (0.1) | 0.183 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 95.1 ± 7.3 (1.6) | 96.9 ± 6.0 (1.3) | 0.478 |
| Fasting insulin, µU/mL | 53.8 ± 35.6 (7.8) | 36.3 ± 17.1 (3.7) | 0.065 |
| Fasting FFA, mmol/L | 0.35 ± 0.12 (0.03) | 0.33 ± 0.13 (0.03) | 0.730 |
| Fasting HGP, mg/kg/min | 2.4 ± 0.8 (0.2) | 2.3 ± 0.5 (0.1) | 0.716 |
| Peripheral IS, (mg/kg/min per µU/mL) × 100 | 1.8 ± 1.0 (0.2) | 2.5 ± 1.2 (0.3) | 0.032 |
| Adiponectin, µg/mL | 6.1 ± 3.1 (0.8) | 9.9 ± 4.4 (1.1) | 0.015 |
Values are mean ± standard deviation (standard error of the mean) or n (%), unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: AA, African American; AW, American white; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HGP, hepatic glucose production; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein.