Table 3.

Benefits and risks of adjunctive metformin in type 1 diabetes

Benefits of adjunctive metformin in type 1 diabetes	Risks associated with metformin in type 1 diabetes
Improved insulin sensitivity Reduced insulin dose Reduction in BMI Trend towards a reduction in HbA1c Reduced total and LDL cholesterol Reduced carotid intima media thickness and possible CV risk reduction	Gastrointestinal adverse effects Vitamin B12 deficiency Increased risk of hypoglycemia ? Lactic acidosis or ketoacidosis (not established in trials)