Table 1.
Baseline characteristics stratified by total heart calcification (THC) score.
| THC score |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| THC-0 |
THC-1 |
THC-2 |
THC-3 |
|
| (N = 397) | (N = 236) | (N = 224) | (N = 86) | |
| Age (yrs) | 59 ± 11 | 68 ± 8* | 71 ± 8*, † | 76 ± 7*, †, ‡ |
| Male, N (%) | 269 (68) | 150 (64) | 146 (65) | 38 (44)*, †, ‡ |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24 ± 5 | 24 ± 3 | 24 ± 3 | 24 ± 4 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 73 ± 16 | 70 ± 16 | 67 ± 17* | 62 ± 16*, † |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 206 (52) | 177 (75)* | 178 (80)* | 74 (86)*, † |
| Diabetes mellitus, N (%) | 97 (24) | 77 (33)* | 95 (42)*, † | 41 (48)*, † |
| Dyslipidemia, N (%) | 173 (44) | 133 (56)* | 140 (63)* | 50 (58)* |
| Cigarette smoker, N (%) | 106 (27) | 73 (31) | 84 (38)* | 18 (21)‡ |
| Family history of early coronary heart disease, N (%) | 39 (10) | 34 (14) | 24 (11) | 12 (14) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 199 ± 38 | 195 ± 37 | 195 ± 32 | 193 ± 37 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 118 (87–170) | 114 (87–171) | 127 (91–181) | 114 (82–171) |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 62 ± 17 | 58 ± 16* | 60 ± 16 | 63 ± 22 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 117 ± 32 | 117 ± 32 | 114 ± 28 | 111 ± 30 |
| HbA1C (%) | 5.5 (5.2–6.0) | 5.7 (5.3–6.3)* | 5.8 (5.4–6.5)*, † | 5.7 (5.2–6.8)* |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 64 ± 9 | 65 ± 10 | 67 ± 9* | 69 ± 11*, † |
| Left atrial volume index (mL/m2) | 31 ± 9 | 33 ± 9 | 33 ± 9 | 37 ± 12*, †, ‡ |
| Left ventricular mass index (g/m2) | 84 ± 24 | 89 ± 25 | 90 ± 22* | 103 ± 36*, †, ‡ |
| Coronary artery calcium score | 2 (0–48) | 66 (3–243)* | 272 (87–625)*, † | 344 (128–958)*, † |
*
p < 0.05 vs THC-0.
†
p < 0.05 vs THC-1.
‡
p < 0.05 vs THC-2.