Table 2.
Mortality rate ratios (MRR) for trial participants after OPV-only campaigns compared with before OPV-only campaigns in seven randomized trials.
| Trial Intervention | Recruitment period | Age group | MRR (OPV/noOPV) |
MRR (OPV/noOPV) |
MRR (OPV/noOPV) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Males | Females | |||
| I. Neonatal VAS vs placebo NBW | 2002–2004 | 0–11 months | 0.62 (0.35–1.08) | 0.61 (0.28–1.34) | 0.64 (0.29–1.42) |
| II. Neonatal VAS vs placebo NBW 2-dose | 2004–2007 | 0–11 months | 0.92 (0.54–1.57) | 0.94 (0.47–1.90) | 0.89 (0.40–1.96) |
| III.MV at 4.5 + 9 months vs MV at 9 months | 2003–2007 | 4.5–36 months | 0.87 (0.62–1.23) | 0.78 (0.50–1.21) | 0.98 (0.64–1.52) |
| IV.BCG-at-birth vs delayed BCG to LBW children | 2004–2008 | 0–11 months | 0.65 (0.39–1.08) | 0.45 (0.20–1.05) | 0.82 (0.44–1.52) |
| V.BCG-at-birth vs delayed BCG to LBW children | 2008–2013 | 0–11 months | 0.71 (0.54–0.93) | 0.63 (0.40–0.99) | 0.75 (0.54–1.04) |
| VI.OPV + BCG vs BCG-only | 2008–2011 | 0–11 months | 1.13 (0.78–1.62) | 1.05 (0.64–1.71) | 1.24 (0.75–2.04) |
| VII.VAS vs placebo with vaccines; 12 months follow-up | 2007–2010 | 6–29 months | 0.45 (0.13–1.59) | 0.23 (0.03–1.78) | 0.87 (0.18–4.15) |
| Combined result | 0.81 (0.68–0.95) | 0.74 (0.58–0.94) | 0.87 (0.70–1.07) | ||
The OPV campaigns were conducted in 2002, 2004, 2005, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 (Table S1 in Supplementary Material). The effect of OPV-only campaigns was 0.90 (0.71–1.14) in the dry season and 0.73 (0.58–0.92) in the rainy season.