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. 2018 Feb 2;12:1. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2018.00001

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Copyright © 2018 Cohen Hoffing, Karvelis, Rupprechter, Seriès and Seitz.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic depicting switch trials, non-switch trials and feedback conditions. A blank screen is presented for an inter-stimulus-interval (ISI) of 500–900 ms. In switch trials participants are cued to a rule change for 1000 ms while in non-switch trials no cue is presented. Afterwards a stimulus appears for 2000 ms or until a response after which feedback is presented for 750 ms according to the following conditions: in No Feedback (NFB) a blank screen; in Accuracy Feedback (AFB) a green check for correct responses and a red “x” for incorrect responses; in Difficulty Feedback (DFB) one coin for a correct response and a bonus of either one or three coins if a fast response was made and a red “x” for incorrect responses; in Punishment Feedback (PFB), the same bonuses as in the DFB but also a minus one coin for incorrect responses; in Monetary Feedback (MFB) the same feedback as PFB but each coin was worth 0.2 cents; in Block Feedback (BFB) the same feedback as PFB but also overall accuracy after each block.