Table 1.
Demographic and cognitive data within groups.
| Variable | Group values | aMCI vs. naMCI/SMI | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SMI (n = 14) | naMCI (n = 19) | aMCI (n = 24) | F(1,55) | p | |
| Age (y.) | 71.9 ± 5.4 | 68.1 ± 6.1 | 72.5 ± 6.2 | 2.83 | 0.098 |
| Education (y.) | 11.1 ± 1.9 | 10.5 ± 1.8 | 9.7 ± 1.8 | 4.37a | 0.041 |
| WST (z) | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 0.6 ± 0.9 | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.89 | 0.349 |
| MMSE (0–30) | 28.9 ± 0.9 | 28.7 ± 1.2 | 27.5 ± 1.8 | 10.46 | 0.002 |
| Episodic memory (cs) | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.6 ± 0.7 | −0.8 ± 0.5 | 92.15 | <0.001 |
| Attention/EF (cs) | 0.6 ± 0.8 | −0.1 ± 0.9 | −0.3 ± 0.9 | 4.96 | 0.030 |
| ADAS free rec. (0–10, error rate) | 4.1 ± 1.4 | 4.8 ± 1.8 | 5.7 ± 1.4 | 8.29 | 0.006 |
| Digit span (0–28) | 15.0 ± 3.6 | 14.4 ± 3.6 | 13.6 ± 2.5 | 1.52 | 0.223 |
| ECB (0–28) | 14.7 ± 4.6 | 16.0 ± 5.0 | 10.9 ± 5.4 | 10.20b | 0.002 |
| MVGT enc. (0–80) | 50.5 ± 5.4 | 52.4 ± 8.1 | 36.2 ± 5.1 | 81.57 | <0.001 |
| MVGT rec. (0–16) | 10.9 ± 2.3 | 11.0 ± 2.5 | 4.6 ± 2.8 | 84.11a | <0.001 |
| TMT A (s) | 38.0 ± 8.4 | 53.8 ± 14.7 | 54.0 ± 19.7 | 2.32 | 0.134 |
| TMT B (s) | 92.2 ± 22.0 | 121.3 ± 46.2 | 129.8 ± 48.5 | 3.14 | 0.082 |
| Word fluency (w.) | 40.1 ± 7.8 | 31.3 ± 6.7 | 32.0 ± 7.8 | 1.65a | 0.204 |
Values are means (M) ± standard deviations (SD). aMCI, amnestic MCI; naMCI, non-amnestic MCI; SMI, subjective memory impairment; WST, Wortschatztest [Verbal Knowledge Test]; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; ADAS free rec., Alzheimer’s Diseases Assessment Scale–free recall; Digit span, total value from the forward and backward part; ECB, Everyday Cognition Battery–computation span; MVGT enc., Münchner Verbaler Gedächtnistest [Munich Verbal Memory Test]–encoding (sum of words of the five learning trials); MVGT rec., Münchner Verbaler Gedächtnistest [Munich Verbal Memory Test]–long-delay free recall; TMT, Trail Making Test; Word fluency, total value of the episodic and phonemic word fluency; EF, executive functions; y., years; cs, composite score; w., words. Distribution of gender–aMCI vs. naMCI/SMI: = 3.18, p = 0.074. aF(1,54); bF(1,50).