Table 4.
Hierarchical linear models of the associations between levels of implementation and intervention outcomes in the PATHS curriculum
| SECCI | SDQ internalizing | SDQ externalizing | SDQ pro-social | SSIS total | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β 0 ij = 0.18 (0.37) | β 0 ij = 0.20 (0.30) | β 0 ij = 0.09 (0.19) | β 0 ij = 0.12 (0.29) | β 0 ij = 0.18 (0.17) | |||||||||||
| Co-efficient β | SE | p | Co-efficient β | SE | p | Co-efficient β | SE | p | Co-efficient β | SE | p | Co-efficient β | SE | p | |
| Class | 0.35 | 0.07 | <.01 | 0.20 | 0.04 | <.01 | 0.07 | 0.02 | <.01 | 0.18 | 0.04 | <.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | .02 |
| Dosage (compared to low) | −0.06 (if mod) −0.32 (if high) |
0.27 0.35 |
.41 .18 |
−0.01 (if mod) 0.10 (if high) |
0.19 0.26 |
.48 .35 |
−0.05 (if mod) 0.02 (if high) |
0.13 0.17 |
.35 .45 |
0.02 (if mod) −0.52 (if high) |
0.18 0.26 |
.46 .02 |
−0.25 (if mod) −0.28 (if high) |
0.11 0.14 |
.01 .03 |
| Reach (compared to low) | 0.11 (if mod) 0.04 (if high) |
0.25 0.26 |
.33 .44 |
−0.14 (if mod) −0.22 (if high) |
0.20 0.19 |
.24 .13 |
0.08 (if mod) 0.12 (if high) |
0.13 0.13 |
.27 .18 |
−0.20 (if mod) −0.23 (if high) |
0.18 0.18 |
.14 .10 |
−0.02 (if mod) 0.02 (if high) |
0.10 0.10 |
.42 .42 |
| Quality and responsiveness (compared to low) | −0.05 (if mod) 0.22 (if high) |
0.24 0.32 |
.42 .25 |
−0.09 (if mod) −0.14 (if high) |
0.18 0.23 |
.31 .27 |
−0.14 (if mod) −0.26 (if high) |
0.12 0.15 |
.11 .04 |
0.09 (if mod) 0.14 (if high) |
0.17 0.23 |
.30 .27 |
0.06 (if mod) −0.13 (if high) |
0.10 0.12 |
.28 .14 |
| Procedural fidelity (compared to low) | 0.25 (if mod) 0.14 (if high) |
0.31 0.37 |
.21 .35 |
−0.04 (if mod) 0.34 (if high) |
0.23 0.28 |
.43 .12 |
0.07 (if mod) 0.18 (if high) |
0.14 0.19 |
.31 .17 |
−0.13 (if mod) −0.19 (if high) |
0.22 0.27 |
.28 .24 |
−0.11 (if mod) 0.11 (if high) |
0.12 0.15 |
.18 .23 |
| Pupil | 0.61 | 0.02 | <.01 | 0.65 | 0.02 | <.01 | 0.42 | 0.02 | <.01 | 0.56 | 0.02 | <01 | 0.74 | 0.03 | <.01 |
| Gender (if female) | −0.01 | 0.04 | .38 | 0.03 | 0.04 | .23 | −0.16 | 0.04 | <.01 | 0.36 | 0.04 | <.001 | 0.27 | 0.05 | <.01 |
| FSM (if eligible) | −0.04 | 0.05 | .16 | 0.10 | 0.05 | .02 | 0.12 | 0.04 | .01 | −0.17 | 0.05 | .01 | −0.13 | 0.06 | .01 |
| Baseline score | – | – | – | 0.38 | 0.02 | <.01 | 0.70 | 0.02 | <.01 | 0.40 | 0.02 | <.01 | 0.44 | 0.03 | <.01 |
SECCI Social and Emotional Competence Change Index, SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SSIS Social Skills Improvement System