List of 44 essential surgical procedures.
Adopted from DCP 3, volume 1: essential surgery 1
| Type of procedure | Platform for delivery | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary health center | First-level hospital | Tertiary hospital | |
| Dental procedures | 1. Extraction 2. Drainage of dental abscess 3. Treatment for caries |
||
| Obstetric, gynecologic and family planning | 4. Normal delivery | 1. Cesarean section
2. Vacuum extraction/forceps delivery 3. Ectopic pregnancy 4. Dilation and curettage 5. Tubal ligation 6. Vasectomy 7. Hysterectomy for uterine rupture or intractable postpartum hemorrhage 8. Visual inspection with acetic acid and cryotherapy for precancerous cervical lesions |
1. Repair obstetric fistula |
| General surgery | 5. Drainage superficial abscess
6. Male circumcision |
9. Repair of perforations: perforated peptic ulcer, typhoid ileal perforation, etc. 10. Appendectomy 11. Bowel obstruction 12. Colostomy 13. Gallbladder disease (including emergency surgery for acute cholecystitis) 14. Hernia (including incarceration) 15. Hydrocelectomy 16. Relief of urinary obstruction: catheterization or suprapubic cystostomy (tube into bladder through skin) |
|
| Trauma | 7. Resuscitation with basic life support measures
8. Suturing laceration 9. Management of non-displaced fracture |
17. Resuscitation with advanced life support measures, including surgical airway
18. Tube thoracostomy (chest drain) 19. Trauma laparotomy 20. Fracture reduction 21. Irrigation and debridement of open fractures 22. Placement of external fixator, use of traction 23. Escharotomy/fasciotomy (cutting of constricting tissue to relieve pressure from swelling) 24. Trauma-related amputations 25. Skin grafting 26. Burr hole |
|
| Congenital | 2. Cleft lip and palate repair 3. Club foot repair 4. Shunt for hydrocephalus 5. Repair of anorectal malformations and Hirschsprung’s disease |
||
| Ophthalmology | 6. Cataract extraction and insertion of intraocular lens 7. Eyelid surgery for trachoma |
||
| Orthopedic | 27. Drainage of septic arthritis
28. Debridement of osteomyelitis |
||
1 Alkire B VJ, Meara J. Chapter 21. Benefit-Cost Analysis for Selected Surgical Interventions in Low and Middle Income Countries. In: Debas HT, Donkor P, Gawande A, Jamison DT, Kruk ME, Mock CN, eds. Disease Control Priorities: Third Edition Volume 1 Essential Surgery: World Bank; 2015