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. 2017 Nov 20;191(3):318–327. doi: 10.1111/cei.13074

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Rescue of both interferon (IFN)‐γ‐ and interleukin (IL)‐17A‐producing cells upon blocking of suppressive cytokines [transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β and IL‐10]. Mononuclear cells (MNCs) from bone marrow of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients were cultured for 48 h with/without Leishmania donovani antigen (10 µg/ml, (whole cell lysate) along with neutralizing antibodies for IL‐10 and TGF‐β (10 μg/ml) alone or in combination. Monensin was supplemented in the last 6 h of culture. Rescue of IFN‐γ and IL‐17A on CD4+ T cells was assessed by flow cytometry. (a) Column graph showing the one‐way analysis of variance (anova) significant rescue of IFN‐γ+ cells on CD4+ T cells. Data are average of eight independent experiments. Statistical Bonferroni correction for multiple alignment revealed significant rescue of IFN‐γ by blocking of both suppressive cytokines (TGF‐β and IL‐10) (Fig. 5a); (b) Similar to IFN‐γ; column graph of IL‐17A showing the one‐way anova significant rescue of IL‐17A+ cells on gated CD4+ T cells. Data are average of eight independent experiments. Statistical Bonferroni correction for multiple alignments revealed the significant rescue of IL‐17A upon blocking of IL‐10 alone (Fig. 5b).