Table VI.
Frequency* of clinical symptoms, prior use of antibiotics, and disease sequelae for suspected, probable, and confirmed cases ≤5 years old
| Case definition | Suspected N = 16 811 |
Probable† N = 13 125 |
Confirmed cases meeting probable case definition N = 921 |
Confirmed cases that did not meet probable case definition N = 104 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical presentations: signs and symptoms | ||||
| Fever | 86% | 89% | 90% | 83% |
| Headache | 11% | 12% | 17% | 9% |
| Neck rigidity | 23% | 26% | 36% | 13% |
| Vomiting | 41% | 40% | 51% | 39% |
| Skin rash | 3% | 3% | 4% | 4% |
| Petechiae | 2% | 2% | 5% | 3% |
| Seizures/convulsions | 68% | 69% | 59% | 65% |
| Altered consciousness | 26% | 26% | 31% | 28% |
| Bulging fontanelle | 14% | 15% | 23% | 14% |
| Coma | 8% | 7% | 8% | 6% |
| Antibiotics received prior to lumbar puncture | 30% | 24% | 27% | 43% |
| Disease sequelae | ||||
| Outcome (death) | 3% | 3% | 9% | 3% |
| Neurologic complications (any) | 75% | 75% | 54% | 77% |
*
Proportion of cases with a given symptom. Cases with missing responses are excluded.
†
Includes cases that did not meet probable case definition because fever was absent at presentation or the presence of fever was unknown.