Table 3.
Selection | Exposure | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||||
Study, year | Case definition adequate |
Representative cases |
Selection of controls |
Definition of controls |
Comparability | Ascertainment of exposure |
Same method for controls |
Non-response rate |
Durand, 2015 | * | * | – | * | ** | – | – | – |
Frohlich-Zwahlen, 2014 | * | – | – | * | ** | – | – | – |
Kim, 2012 | * | * | n/a | n/a | n/a | – | n/a | n/a |
Klein, 2010 | * | * | n/a | n/a | n/a | – | n/a | n/a |
Klein, 2013 | * | – | – | * | – | – | – | – |
Knarr, 2013 | – | – | n/a | n/a | n/a | – | n/a | n/a |
MacIntyre, 2010 | – | * | * | * | ** | – | * | * |
Pang, 2005 | – | * | n/a | n/a | n/a | – | n/a | n/a |
Patterson, 2007 | – | – | n/a | n/a | n/a | – | n/a | n/a |
Prado-Medeiros, 2012 | – | * | – | * | ** | * | – | – |
Ryan, 2011 | * | * | n/a | n/a | n/a | – | n/a | n/a |
Silva-Couto, 2014 | * | * | * | * | ** | * | – | * |
Sunnerhagen, 1999 | * | * | – | * | ** | – | – | – |
Notes: Studies were given “*” if they achieved the description in each item. Under the Comparability item, studies with control groups were given “*” if they controlled on one factor and “**” if they controlled on two factors. Cross-sectional studies without control groups were given “n/a” for items related to controls.