Table 1.
Characteristics of patients and hospitalizations, by cohort
| Patient and Hospitalization Characteristics | Cohort | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| CHF N = 4287 |
Pneumonia N = 4182 |
Acute MI N = 2001 |
|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 79 (72–86) | 79 (71–85) | 77 (71–84) |
| Male, N (%) | 1841 (42.9%) | 2007 (48.0%) | 1051 (52.5%) |
| Race, N (%) | |||
| White/Caucasian | 3225 (75.2%) | 3417 (81.7%) | 1670 (83.5%) |
| Black/African American | 934 (21.8%) | 628 (15.0%) | 258 (12.9%) |
| Other | 128 (3.0%) | 137 (3.3%) | 73 (3.7%) |
| Married/partnered, N (%) | 1957 (45.7%) | 1967 (47.0%) | 1103 (55.1%) |
| Wealth, N (%) | |||
| Net negative or zero | 592 (13.8%) | 555 (13.3%) | 208 (10.4%) |
| Quartile 1 | 1478 (34.5%) | 1379 (33.0%) | 559 (27.9%) |
| Quartile 2 | 1023 (23.9%) | 1013 (24.2%) | 463 (23.1%) |
| Quartile 3 | 682 (15.9%) | 688 (16.5%) | 432 (21.6%) |
| Quartile 4 | 512 (11.9%) | 547 (13.1%) | 339 (16.9%) |
| Income, N (%) | |||
| None | 1633 (38.1%) | 1604 (38.4%) | 684 (34.2%) |
| Quartile 1 | 1467 (34.2%) | 1385 (33.1%) | 632 (31.6%) |
| Quartile 2 | 831 (19.4%) | 753 (18.0%) | 399 (19.9%) |
| Quartile 3 | 257 (6.0%) | 330 (7.9%) | 219 (10.9%) |
| Quartile 4 | 99 (2.3%) | 110 (2.6%) | 67 (3.4%) |
| Body Mass Index, N (%) | |||
| Underweight | 165 (3.9%) | 294 (7.0%) | 71 (3.6%) |
| Normal | 1538 (35.9%) | 1736 (41.5%) | 698 (34.9%) |
| Overweight/obese | 2584 (60.3%) | 2152 (51.5%) | 1232 (61.6%) |
| Body mass index, median (IQR) | 26 (23–30) | 25 (22–29) | 26 (23–29) |
| Co-morbidities | |||
| Weighted Charlson Index, median (IQR) | 4 (3–6) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–5) |
| Heart Failure, N(%) | 4278 (100%) | 2080 (49.7%) | 1106 (55.3%) |
| Dementia, N (%) | 303 (7.1%) | 533 (12.8%) | 111 (5.6%) |
| Metastatic Cancer, N (%) | 86 (2.0%) | 206 (4.9%) | 29 (1.5%) |
| Smoking Status | |||
| Current, N (%) | 473 (11.0%) | 601 (14.4%) | 284 (14.2%) |
| Former, N (%) | 2167 (50.7%) | 2263 (54.1%) | 970 (48.5%) |
| Never, N (%) | 1647 (38.4%) | 1318 (31.5%) | 747 (37.3%) |
| Hospital Length of Stay (days), median (IQR) | 5 (3–7) | 5 (3–8) | 5 (3–8) |
| Used Intensive Care, N (%) | 974 (22.7%) | 849 (20.3%) | 1158 (57.9%) |
| Mortality, N (%) | |||
| In-hospital | 191 (4.5%) | 455 (10.8%) | 200 (10.0%) |
| 30 days | 437 (10.2%) | 727 (17.4%) | 312 (15.6%) |
| 90 days | 860 (20.1%) | 1072 (25.6%) | 411 (20.5%) |
| 1 year | 1720 (40.1%) | 1710 (40.9%) | 639 (31.9%) |