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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 7.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Dyn. 2016 Aug 17;245(10):1011–1028. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.24430

Figure 2. Distinguishing features of arteries and veins in the yolk sac.

Figure 2

(A) Scheme demonstrating removal of the yolk sac prior to imaging to preserve orientation of the vitelline artery and vein. (B) Z-projection of an E10.5 Tg(Ly6a-GFP) yolk sac immunostained for CD31 (i) and GFP (i,ii) . Scale bar = 500µm, VV = vitelline vein and VA = vitelline artery. (C) Z-projection of arterial vascular plexus surrounding the vitelline artery (left) and venous plexus surrounding the vitelline vein (right) at E10.5 in samples immunostained for CD31. Scale bar = 100µm. The diameters of capillary vessels surrounding the vitelline artery and vein were measured using Image J software. Five E10.5 yolk sacs and 60 capillary vessels per yolk sac were measured. The diameter of arterial capillary vessels is 15.3µm ± 0.7µm and the diameter of venous capillary vessels is 22.0µm ± 0.5µm (mean ± SEM). Unpaired 2-tailed Student’s t-test was applied to determine significance. *** indicates that P ≤ 0.001.