Fig. 1. a, b Time from US Food and Drug Administration approval to publication for first (top panel) and subsequent approvals (bottom panel).

Negative numbers indicate publications that precede approval, while positive numbers indicate publications that came after approval. Drug names appear more than once among first approvals when two approvals were granted on the same day. Time from US FDA approval to Publication of Pivotal Study Results (first approvals). Time from US FDA approval to Publication of Pivotal Study Results (subsequent approvals)