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. 2018 Feb 6;9:406. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02774-9

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Direct radiative forcing due to low-sulphur fuel standards. Direct radiative forcing in mW m⁻² at the top of the atmosphere from scattering sulphate and nitrate aerosols due to implementation of the International Maritime Organization’s low-sulphur fuel standards for ships. Global mean is 3.9 mW m⁻²