Fig. 5.

NG2 + cells are the main source of RA. (a) Exosomes isolated from NG2 + cells conditioned media detected with electron microscopy, scale bar is 50 nm and 100 nm (b) and by Western blotting. (c) β-galactoside staining of RARE LacZ transfected F9 cells showing RA in exosomes isolated from neuronal cultures treated with vehicle, CD2019, retinal or retinol, or exosomes from NG2 + cells or astrocyte cultures treated with vehicle or retinal. (d) Quantification of RA shows that NG2 + cells are the main source of RA., Data represent Mean ± SEM. ***p ≤ 0.001, one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test. (e) β-galactoside staining of RARE LacZ transfected F9 cells showing RA in NG2 + cells conditioned media after exosome extraction. The culture conditioned were vehicle or retinal. (f) Quantification of RA shows that there is very little RA in the conditioned media after exosome extraction in either culture condition and no statistical significant difference between the two. Data represent Mean ± SEM. Student's t-test. (g) Significant increase in neurite outgrowth of neurons cultured with exosomes from NG2 + cells that had been cultured with retinal but not with exosomes from NG2 + cells treated with vehicle. Data represent Mean ± SEM. ***p ≤ 0.001, Student's t-test.